How many Joint Range Extension Application Protocols (JREAP) are used to transmit and receive Link 16 messages?

The correct answer is three because there are indeed three distinct Joint Range Extension Applications Protocols (JREAP) designed to facilitate the transmission and reception of Link 16 messages over various communication mediums.

Each protocol serves a different method of extending Link 16’s capabilities:

1. JREAP-A utilizes a dedicated line of sight or circuit-switch approach, effectively allowing point-to-point communication.

2. JREAP-B is based on Internet Protocol (IP) networks, enabling messages to be transmitted over various types of networks, which can include satellite and terrestrial links.

3. JREAP-C involves the use of a non-broadcast network to provide airborne and maritime platforms with Link 16 capabilities, ensuring interoperability among various forces.

This comprehensive setup ensures robust and flexible communication options across different operational scenarios, taking into account factors such as distance, environment, and operational requirements. The presence of these three protocols allows for enhanced interoperability and mission effectiveness in joint operations.